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(No Modem v G. A. MAXPIELD.

METHOD OF SATURATING 0R COATING TEXTILE FABRICS, PAPER, 650. No. 328,957. Patented Oct. 27, 1885.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

oHAELEs A. MAXFIELD, on NEW YORK, n. Y., ASSIGNOR TO JACOB WAL- LACE, TRUSTEE, on SAME PLACE.

METHOD OF SATURATING R COATING TEXTILE FABRICS, PA PER, dc.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 328,957, dated October 27, 1885.

Application filed May 23, 1885. Serial No. 166,497. (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern; 7

Be it known that 1, CHARLES A. MAXFIELD, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Methods of saturating or Coating Textile Fabrics, Paper, &c., of which the following is a specification.

My present invention relates to an improve- 10 ment in the art of coating textile fabrics, pa-

per, leather, and similar substances with any desirable waterproofing, coloring, or glossing material. In practicing this method the natural wax known as ozocerite may be en1- I 5 ployed; or I make use of parafline, gums, india-rubber, and analogous strengthening, preserving, and waterproofing substances.

In applying wax and other substances to paper and the like it is usual to draw the ma- 2o 'terial operated upon through a bath of the liquefied waterproofing or other substance, or to apply the said substance to the material to be treated by revolving rolls, which dip into a bath of liquefied substance, and over or under which rolls the material operated upon is arranged to travel.

My object is to introduce a new mode of practicing the art in question, whereby I am enabled to either coat the material operated upon or completely saturate it.

In carrying out my method I by preference make use of an apparatus for which an application for patent has been filed in the United States Patent Office of even date with this,

' and which apparatus is illustrated in the ac companying drawings, in which- Figure l is a plan view, and Fig. 2 a vertical central longitudinal section.

My method is carried out by depositing a 4 body of wax or other substance directly upon the surface of the paper or other material operated upon within a confined space and drawing the paper beneath said body of wax at variable speeds, according as to whether the paper is to be coated merely or completely saturated, the temperature of the body of wax being regulated according to the character of the result to be produced.

The following is a description of the apparatus,which the accompanying drawings illus- 5o trate, and the manner in which it is to be operated in practicing my method.

A indicates a frame, which may be of castiron or of any other suitable material. Mounted upon one end of this frame, which is con- 5 structed of dimensions adapted for the purpose in view, is the paper-delivery reel B, and at the opposite end of the machine is located the paper-receiving reel 0. Both of these reels are provided with shafts B and 0 re spectively, which have bearings in the frame of the machine in the usual manner; The upper longitudinal bars, ,a, of the frame A support the castings, which constitute the receptacle and the distributer. The receptacle, as shown, is composed of two iron castings, D D, forming the front and rear walls, and that wall D of said receptacle nearer the delivery-reel is so shaped on its under side as to provide a smooth surface for the paper to travel under and insureclose contact between paper and casting while the paper is passing under the receptacle, as shown. The inner surface ofthe casting D is vertical and smooth, except near its lower end, 7 5 where it is provided with a projection constructed to form one element of a dovetail connection. A pipe, (I, is located within this casting D, as shown, and at the top of said casting is a flat piece of metal, (1 of the requi- 8o sitelengthsecured rigidly thcretoand provided with screw-bolts, whereby the said casting D may be adjusted longitudinally of the frame in order to increase or diminish the distance between the castings D and D. The casting D is similarly constructed, except that it has no projection on its inner face, as is the case with the casting D. It is preferably curved on its outer surface and flat on its under surface, and it has secured to its inner wall, by set-screws e, the blade E, or this blade may be cast as part of it. The holes to receive these set screws 6 are elongated, in order to permitthe blade to be adjusted vertically, so as to enable said blade to be accurately placed in position 5 upon the casting. On the lower face of the blade E is a projection forming one element of a dovetail joint. The blade E may project upward above the frame of the machine. The

casting D is also provided with a pipe, d, and with the flat piece of metal d at its top having set-screws, which permit the adjustment of said casting lengthwise of the machine, in order to bring it nearer to or farther from the casting D. p V

F represents the two part side plates. These plates overlap each other, and are adjustable in length by means of the set-screw f. The outer end of each of these plates is provided with a slot formed so as to receive the projection on the inner wall of the casting D and blade E, respectively, thereby completing the dovetail joint between the respective castings and the side plates. There are two sets of the plates F, one at each end of the receptacle, and they are of sufficient; height to form the end walls of said receptacle, and while their upper edges are straighttheir lower edges incline slightly from the casting'D to, the beveled edge of the blade E, so as to insure an easy movement of the paper beneath the receptacle.

. vThe blade E, forming the rear wall, may be made without the casting D, and heated in another manner. 7

Immediately above the receptacle is a tank, G, which is supplied with the coating or saturating material, liquefied and kept hot by any suitable means. At the bottom of this tank is a series of discharge-cocks, having projections from their plugs connecting with a rod, 9, whereby all the cooks may be opened at the same time and in the same degree, and thus insure the supply of the liquid to the receptacle evenly over the surface of so much of the material operated upon as for the moment forms the bottom of this receptacle.

From this description it is plain that my receptaclehas no bottom; that its front and rear walls are formed by the castings D and D E, which may be adjusted toward or from each other, so as to increase or decrease the space between said walls; that its side walls are formed by the two sets of side plates, F, which are detachably connected to the castings D D E, and which may be adjusted inlength by the set-screws,'so as to accommodate themselves to the adjustments of the castings D D E.

The side plates are also adapted to be moved transverse of the machine toward or from each other, in order to increase or diminish the width of the receptacle according to the width of the paper or fabric operated upon. The longitudinal adjustment of the receptacle is for the purpose of increasing or diminishing the surface of the liquefied substance in contact with the material operated upon.

Projecting from the edges of the plates F are lugs f, which receive set-screws f so that when the plates F are properly adjusted they may be locked in position.

H represents a pivoted bar secured upon the frame of the machine by a central pivot and extending transverse of theframe. This bar is located just in advance of the delivery-reel B, and is adapted to hold the paper above the lower surface of the casting D, so as to insure proper contact between the paper and the lower surface of said casting. The fact that the bar H is pivoted also insures the passage of the paper beneath the receptacle in an unruffled manner, as any irregularities in the paper are compensated for by the automatic adjustment of said bar.

At a suitable position on the frame is secured the casting I, which is constructed the same as casting D, having an interior pipe, d, and flat and'curved walls. To the flat face of this casting is secured in a detachable and adj ustable manner the blade J, whose lower end is beveled. The casting Iis adjustable longitudinally of the machine by the set-screws passing through the plate at its top. The function of plate J is to further insure the even distribution of the material upon thepa= lated by the device shown as a part of Fig. 2.

The application of this device to the shaft of the delivery-reel is shown in- Fig. 1. This tension device consists of a metal strap, K,- secured at l and passed over the shaft B, the free end of the strap being connected to the spring m, which spring is connected with a bar, a, the latter being secured nearfthe base of the machine and provided with means for depressing or elevating it, so as to increase or decrease the strain on the spring, and thereby easily regulate the tension of the deliveryreel.

The pipes d, forming parts of the castings D, D, and I, are connected by means of suitable couplings with'steam-supply pipes L. j

Hot air or hot water may be used instead of steam for heating thefcastings forming the rebe treated is conducted from the delivery-reel B over the pivoted bar H, under the bottom of the casting D, and beneath the open bottom of the receptacle and blade E, from which point it is carried over the pivoted bar K, mi-

der the blade J of casting I to the receiving,-

reel 0. rial to be operated upon forms the bottom of the said receptacle. The parts beingadj usted as contemplated the liquefied material, when In this position the paper, or matecourse to be regulated according to the quality permitted, will flow from tank G through the stop-cocks 9 upon the paper or fabric forming the bottom of the receptacle D D E. The depth of the liquefied substance resting upon the paper or other material operated upon is of of paper or other material operated upon, and according as to whether the paper is to be saturated or merely coated. In operating with very thin paper but a small depth of liquidsay about a half to three-quarters of an inchwould be allowed to pass into the receptacle, and this would be the practice in operating upon heavy paper where the object is to coat and not saturate. If the liquid is to be struck through the paper, so as to saturate it, a heavier body of liquid-say about two to three inches-would be allowed to enter the receptacle D D E. The liquid in the receptacle D D E is kept at a predetermined temperaerature by regulating the degree of heat permitted to affect the castings forming the walls of said receptacle. v

The revolution of the reel 0 draws the paper M from the reel B over the equalizing pivoted tension-bar H, under the wax-receptacle and under the blade J, after passing which latter point it is sufficiently treated to be wound upon the receiving-reel O.

The blade E prevents any undue quantity of the liquefied material from adhering to the paper or othermaterial being treated, and such as remains upon the paper or other ma terial treated is further equalized upon its surface during the act of passing under the blade J.

In practice I may dispense with the front wall, D, of the receptacle, leaving this receptacle to be formed of the rear wall, D E, and attached side walls, F, with the incline of the material operated upon, the walls F being made with an incline to conform.

It will be noticed that the substance to be applied to the paper or other fabric is not fed from a hopper upon said paper or fabric, but is deposited in a body directly thereupon. The temperature of the substance is easily regulated by regulating the heating medium whereby the said substance is kept hot. If the material operated upon is to be coated, merely, a comparatively low degree of heat is to be applied to the wax or other substance; 7

but if the material operated upon is to be saturated the Wax or other substance will be made quite hot.

The paper or other material operated upon will also; be drawn rapidly or slowly beneath the confined body of liquefied substance, according as to whether the material operated upon is to be merely coated or saturated, as in coating a quite rapid movement of the material operated upon will be necessary, while in saturating the movement of said material will be slower. This operation is controlled by regulating the receiving-reel.

The leading characteristic of my method is the depositing of a body or mass of the liquefied substance in a confined space, directly upon the surface of the; material operated upon, and the drawing of said material beneath or away from said confined mass of liquefied substance, the degree of penetration of the liquefied substance into the material operated upon depending, primarily, upon the depth of the mass of said liquefied substance in contact with the material operated upon.

Having thus described my invention, wha I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In the art of coating or saturating textlle fabrics, paper, leather, and similar materials with any desirable waterproofing, coloring, or glossing substance,\the method of applying said substance, which consists in depositing a liquefied body or mass of the same ina confined space directly upon the surface of the material operated upon, and drawing said material beneath or away from said confined mass of liquefied substance, substantially as set forth.

2. In the art of coating or saturating textile fabrics, paper, &c., with any waterproofing, coloring, or glossing substance, the method of applying said substance and regulating the degree of penetration thereof into the material operated upon, which consists in depositing a liquefied body or mass of the substance of predetermined depth, in a confined space, directly upon the surface of the material operated upon, and drawing said material beneath or away from said confined mass of liquefied substance, substantially as set forth.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 19th day of May, A. D. 1885.

CHARLES A. MAXFIELD.

Witnesses:

HUGO KOELKER, J E. M. BOWEN. 

